Considered a synonym of Pimephales promelas Rafinesque, 1820
- Gilbert, Carter R.. 1998. "Type catalog of Recent and fossil North American Freshwater fishes: families Cyprinidae, Catostomidae, Ictaluridae, Centrarchidae and Elassomatidae". Florida Museum of Natural History, Special Publication No. 1. 1-284 (ffm00083)
Original description as Plargyrus melanocephalus:
- Abbott, Charles Conrad. 1860. "Description of new species of American freshwater fishes". Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 12:325-328 (ffm00152)