Systematik der Hochlandkärplinge

" It was in the 1930's when first attempts were made to investigate the evolution of goodeids. At the beginning it was life-bearing characteristics (structure of the ovary, design of the trophotaeniae) which were used for classification. In 1998 for the first time genetic characteristics were used by the American scientist S.A. Webb. Further research was carried out during the next years in the USA and Mexico. The basis for this chapter is the work of Dominguez-Dominguez et al. (2011), which is considered to be the most complete and exact one by the authors due to the scale of spot-checks, modern statistical methods and the examined Cytochrome b gene, that has proved to be phylogenetically very evidential. Correspondingly, the following groups or tribes are distinguished among goodeids.

Characodonti, a basal group with the genus Characodon, and 2 species, another one is the tribe llyodontini with three genera Allodontichthys, Ilyodon and Xenotaenia) and probably 7 species, although in the case of the genus Ilyodon some questions remain. Another tribe is named Chapalichthyini. According to this work, it consists of the following genera: Ameca (1 species), Alloophorus (probably 2 or 3 species), Chapalichthys (2 species), Xenotoca (2 species), Xenoophorus (1 species), Zoogoneticus (3 species), Goodea (maybe just I species and an udescribed genus. which is preliminarily named 'Xenotoca' (with 2 described species and at least 2 more which remain undescribed so far). The last tribe is called Girardinichthys and it consists of 2 groups which include the genera Neotoca (1 species), Skiffia (3 species), Girardinichthys 2 species) and Hubbsina (1 species) on the one hand and Neoophorus (1 species) and Allotoca (8 species) on the other. Finally, they also add the genus Ateniobius (1 species), but its position as a tribe is quite controversial since it seems to be closely related to the genus Goodea. Certainly, much more research is necessary to make clearer the details of the evolution of goodeids "